It can be found in this book.Since the update to iOS 14 you have problems using Discovr – discover music? Or does Discovr – discover music cause errors under iOS14? Then find out in this post what the issues with iOS14 have to do and what you can do about it. In the meantime, I have found an example which uses t ( tirer, to pull) for down-bow and p ( pousser, to push) for up-bow, as mentioned above. UPDATE: the search continues, especially considering comment above (below the OP's question) - I'm trying my hardest to find a source to back that comment up. And, the downbow marking resembles the frog (or heel) of the bow, where you start when executing a downbow.Īs I say, deserves credit for this additional information. Sorry, to not be able to give you a definitive answer - I hope this post gives you some useful information though.ĮDIT: points out here that the upbow marking resembles the tip of the bow (where you start when executing an up bow), this "pointy" marking also being appropriate as the tip is also called the point of the bow ( punta d'arco in Italian, pointe in French). Equally, the downbow on strings is more effective at creating a strongly accented "heavy" articulation, and the downbow symbol somewhat resembles the marking for marcato. Just one observation of my own, the upbow on string instruments is more suited to creating a crescendo (getting louder), with the downbow more easily producing the opposite to my eyes this makes the upbow symbol "look right" (it is similar to an upward crescendo symbol). Interestingly, it mentions that the violinist Ferdinand Franzl used bowing marks, but that they were,Īt the bottom of the webpage there is a link to another webpage describing the continuing development of string bowing markings - but unfortunately the webpage linked to no longer exists, oh well! This webpage has some detailed information about the early uses of bow markings in string music. I figured that trying to find out when bowing marks were first used might yield the reasoning behind the symbols used. More clearly expressed by the French tire (drawn) for down-bow, and pousse (pushed) for up-bow. The orchestration book on my desk, Walter Piston's Orchestration, points out that these signs are, So, this helps to explain why this doesn't use an upward pointing arrow. Two things: the up bow mark doesn't really describe an upward direction, but instead that the bow is pushed, rather than pulled as in a down bow. ![]() I've looked for a while, but can't find a definitive answer, but hopefully I can give some useful information. ![]() This is one of the best questions I've seen for ages. But instead of elaborating on these tonal qualities, I suspect many teachers just taught the simple rule “ n means down-, v upstroke”, so the original meaning got lost and the n symbol became a symbol most today wouldn't recognise as such. The composers probably didn't really care about that, only about the tone, hence didn't directly write p and t which would have literally expressed pull or push. v was the opposite, indicating that these notes didn't need to be payed to much attention to, which was then generally used as an opportunity to bring back the bow. To the players, this was generally a prompt to play those notes from the frog for best control. This blog post also says something along those lines.Īpparently, french composers liked to write n above important notes, demanding that they be played in a particularly beautiful, noble fashion. Last year I was told by a Baroque and Renaissance expert cellist/gambist that the ∏ and ⋁ signs originate from abbreviations of the latin nobilis and vilis.
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